In discussions about racism, older generations are often at the centre of a stereotype: that they are inherently more prejudiced and less capable of change. This belief stems from assumptions that older people are “from a different time” or are set in their ways.
However, reality is more nuanced and shaped by biology, psychology, and social factors. The question remains: can seniors change their racist views, and is it worth attempting to address these prejudices?
Racism among older adults is often attributed to the cultural and societal norms of their formative years. For instance, in 1958, only 4% of Americans approved of interracial marriage, a number that didn’t reach 50% until 1997.
While societal attitudes have shifted significantly, the early experiences of older generations may have entrenched certain biases.
However, this explanation is overly simplistic. Racism is not solely a product of one’s upbringing; it is also influenced by psychological and neurological changes. As people age, certain areas of the brain, particularly those responsible for social inhibition and self-regulation, begin to shrink.
This can result in less filtered speech and behaviour, causing some seniors to express prejudices they might have kept hidden in their youth.
Additionally, as individuals grow older, they often become more aware of their mortality. This heightened awareness can trigger a psychological phenomenon known as “terror management theory,” which suggests that fear of death leads people to cling more strongly to familiar traditions and in-group identities.
For some, this may manifest as prejudice or xenophobia.
Anthropologist Casey Golomski’s book God’s Waiting Room: Racial Reckoning at Life’s End provides a compelling case study of how older adults navigate issues of race. Golomski spent seven years observing the residents and caregivers of a South African care home called Grace.
Situated in a predominantly white town near the remnants of apartheid’s segregational policies, Grace’s demographics mirrored the country’s racial inequalities: most residents were white, while the caregiving staff were predominantly black.
Despite this backdrop, Golomski observed moments of grace—acts of acceptance and understanding that transcended racial divides. One black resident, Jane, whose family had been forcibly removed during apartheid, formed a close friendship with her white roommate.
Similarly, a white male resident openly embraced a caregiver’s gender identity journey, showcasing an openness that defied stereotypes of older generations.
These examples suggest that proximity and interpersonal relationships can foster empathy and understanding, even in deeply divided societies. While the legacy of systemic racism remains a heavy burden, individual interactions can plant the seeds of change.
Research underscores the importance of exposure and dialogue in changing attitudes. Younger generations are less racist, not merely because of generational shifts in values but due to increased exposure to diversity in schools, workplaces, and media.
Older adults who engage in intergenerational and interracial interactions are more likely to challenge their biases.
In care settings, this principle is particularly relevant. Caregivers who provide daily assistance to seniors often become integral to their lives. When these caregivers come from different racial or cultural backgrounds, their presence can challenge stereotypes and encourage understanding.
However, this requires an environment of mutual respect and open communication. Without these, interactions may reinforce existing prejudices rather than dismantle them.
While exposure and socialisation are vital, it’s important to acknowledge the barriers to change. The brain’s reduced plasticity with age makes it harder to unlearn deeply ingrained beliefs. Additionally, older adults may resist change due to cognitive rigidity or fear of confronting uncomfortable truths about their past behaviours.
Psychotherapist Allison Abrams notes that insecurity plays a significant role in sustaining prejudices. For some older adults, the shifting cultural landscape – including increased discussions about systemic racism – can feel threatening. This sense of threat may lead them to double down on their existing beliefs as a form of self-preservation.
Addressing racist views in older adults is undoubtedly challenging, but it is not without merit. Beyond the moral imperative to combat racism, there are practical reasons to engage seniors in these conversations.
Older adults often serve as role models for younger generations, particularly within families. Their attitudes can influence the beliefs of their children and grandchildren, perpetuating or challenging cycles of prejudice.
Moreover, fostering understanding in later life can improve the quality of relationships between seniors and their caregivers. Golomski’s observations at Grace highlight the profound impact of grace – acceptance of another person’s differences – in creating harmonious care environments.
By addressing biases, we not only benefit society at large but also enhance the dignity and quality of life for seniors themselves.
While individual efforts are important, systemic changes are also necessary. Racism in older generations is not an isolated phenomenon; it is a symptom of broader societal inequalities. Addressing issues like economic disparity, educational access, and healthcare inequities can reduce the conditions that perpetuate prejudice.
In addition, combating ageism is crucial. Dismissing seniors as “set in their ways” is not only inaccurate but counterproductive. By believing in their capacity for change, we create opportunities for growth and transformation.
Can seniors change their racist views? The answer is a qualified yes. While age-related biological and psychological factors may pose challenges, the potential for change remains, particularly through meaningful social interactions and education.
Addressing these biases is not only worthwhile but essential for fostering intergenerational harmony and societal progress.
Ultimately, combating racism in older adults requires a blend of patience, empathy, and commitment. By creating environments that encourage dialogue and understanding, we can help dismantle prejudice, one conversation at a time.
In doing so, we honour the principle of grace – the ability to accept and learn from one another, even in life’s final chapters.
